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High quality food grade for cultivated meat, fish, fat and dairy

Recombinant eel FGF-2 (145aa) protein (Qk106-FG)

Recombinant eel FGF-2 protein 145 aa (bFGF/basic FGF) for the development of optimized serum-free culture media for species-specific European (Anguilla anguilla), Japanese (Anguilla japonica) and American (Anguilla rostrata) eel in cellular agriculture protocols and veterinary research applications. This shorter form of FGF-2 is used in comparative cell culture media optimization studies alongside Qk107-FG, the 154 aa form of eel FGF-2.

FGF2 is used extensively in the maintenance and proliferation of induced pluripotent (iPSC) and embryonic stem cells (ESC) and for enhancement of proliferation in primary eel cell culture. Receptor binding affinity and efficacy may differ depending on each species. Using a species-specific growth factor enhances receptor binding affinity, resulting in a lower concentration required in culture.

Qkine Eel FGF2 is a high purity 16.4 kDa FGF-2 / bFGF protein, animal origin-free (AOF) and carrier-protein free (CF).

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1mg will be despatched as 2 x 500µg

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For any questions, please email orders@qkine.com

Summary

  • High purity protein specific to European (XP_035281190.1), Japanese, and American (XP_064200074) eel.

  • >98%, by SDS-PAGE quantitative densitometry

  • Source: Expressed in E. coli 

  • 16.4 kDa (Monomer)

  • Animal origin-free (AOF) and carrier protein-free

  • Manufactured in Cambridge, UK

  • Lyophilized from Tris/NaCl/CyS/mannitol

  • Resuspend in water at >100 µg/mL, prepare single-use aliquots, add carrier protein if desired, and store frozen at -20°C or -80°C

Featured applications

  • Cellular agriculture process development

  • Expansion of eel pluripotent, embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells

  • Serum-free media development

  • Cell expansion

  • Proliferation of fibroblasts and endothelial cells

  • Tissue repair and regeneration

Basic fibroblast growth factor
bFGF
FGF-β
FGF2
Fibroblast growth factor-basic
HBGF-2

Eel

Frequently used together

Human/bovine/porcine TGF-ß1 PLUS protein (Qk010)
Human/bovine/porcine IGF-1 protein (Qk047)
Human/bovine/porcine IGF-1 LR3 protein (Qk041)
Human/bovine/porcine NRG-1 protein (Qk045)

Bioactivity

Recombinant eel FGF-2 145aa activity was determined using the Promega serum response element luciferase reporter assay (*) in transfected HEK293T cells. Cells were treated in triplicate with a serial dilution of FGF-2 for 3 hours. Firefly luciferase activity was measured and normalized to the control Renilla luciferase activity EC50 = 0.14 ng/ml (8.2 pM) *Promega pGL4.33[luc2P/SRE/Hygro] #E1340

Purity

Recombinant Eel FGF-2 145aa migrates as a major band at approximately 16 kDa (monomer) in reduced (R) and non-reduced (NR) conditions. The dimeric form is also observed at approximately 32 kDa. No contaminating protein bands are present. The purified recombinant protein (3 µg) was resolved using 15% w/v SDS-PAGE in reduced (+β-mercaptoethanol, R) and non-reduced (NR) conditions and stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R250.

Further quality assays

  • Mass spectrometry, single species with the expected mass

  • Endotoxin: <0.005 EU/μg protein (below the level of detection)

  • Recovery from stock vial: >95%

We are a company founded and run by scientists to provide a service and support innovation in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.  All our products are exceptionally high purity, with complete characterisation and bioactivity analysis on every lot.

Protein background

Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF-2), also known as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), is a key member of the fibroblast growth factor family, playing pivotal roles in various cellular processes such as growth, differentiation, and angiogenesis [1-3]. FGF-2 is a significant growth factor in embryonic development, tissue repair and wound healing. FGF-2 (145 aa) consists of 145 amino acids and exhibits a molecular weight of around 16.4  kDa. It comprises multiple isoforms and is characterized by a β-trefoil fold, stabilized by disulfide bonds, essential for biological activity.

FGF-2 plays a crucial role in stem cell research development by serving as a key component in maintaining the pluripotency and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) [2]. FGF-2 is commonly used as a growth factor in cell culture media to maintain the pluripotent state of ESCs and iPSCs. It activates signaling pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which helps to sustain the expression of pluripotency-associated genes such as Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog. This prevents the differentiation of stem cells and allows for their expansion in vitro [2].

FGF-2 can be incorporated into scaffolds or hydrogels along with stem cells to promote their proliferation and differentiation within a three-dimensional environment. This holds great promise for the development of cultivated eel protocols and serum-free media development in the cellular agriculture industry [4].

[1] Ludwig, T. E. et al. Derivation of human embryonic stem cells in defined conditions. Nat. Biotechnol. 24, 185–187 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1177

[2] Ludwig, T. E. et al. Feeder-independent culture of human embryonic stem cells. Nat. Methods 3, 637–646 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth902

[3] Chen, G., Gulbranson, D. R., Yu, P., Hou, Z. & Thomson, J. A. Thermal stability of fibroblast growth factor protein is a determinant factor in regulating self-renewal, differentiation, and reprogramming in human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells 30, 623–30 (2012). doi: 10.1002/stem.1021

[4] Horn, P. et al. Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Enhances Expansion of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Xeno-Free, Serum-Free Conditions. Stem Cells Int. 2018, 7053429 (2018). doi: 10.4061/2011/235176

FAQ

FGF-2 is a signaling protein that plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in various biological processes, including development, tissue repair, and stem cell maintenance.

FGF-2 is found in multiple tissues and organs such as the brain, heart, kidneys, and skin, as well as in bodily fluids like blood and cerebrospinal fluid. It is produced by various cell types including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells, and can act both locally and systemically to regulate cellular processes.

Cytokines are a broad category of signaling molecules that mediate communication between cells in the immune system and regulate various physiological processes. FGF-2 exhibits cytokine-like properties by influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival, among other functions, in addition to its role in growth factor signaling.

The FGF-2 gene encodes the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) protein, which is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. The FGF-2 gene is tightly regulated, dysregulation of FGF-2 signaling has been associated with cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological conditions.

FGF-2 binds to fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) on the cell surface.

The function of the FGF-2 receptor is to bind to FGF-2 ligands and transduce signaling cascades within the cell upon activation.

Activation of FGFRs triggers a series of intracellular signaling events, including the activation of downstream pathways such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway.

FGF-2 is commonly used in to maintain the pluripotency and self-renewal capacity of pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). It is added to the culture medium as a supplement to provide essential signaling cues necessary for stem cell maintenance. FGF-2 helps prevent the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and maintains them in an undifferentiated state, enabling long-term culture and expansion.

Qkine high quality food grade products are intended solely for use as food processing aids, ex vivo cell manufacturing and research use. Not for direct human consumption, therapeutic or diagnostic use.
 
The authorization of novel foods, including the use of growth factors as food processing aids, is regulated by regional government agencies. The use of our products as food processing aids in novel foods requires the end-user to obtain the necessary regulatory approvals.

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