Recombinant bovine PDGF-BB protein (Qk079-FG)

Summary

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Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is a significant growth factor involved in wound healing and development. It belongs to the PDGF family, which consists of four different polypeptide chains: PDGF-A, PDGF-B, PDGF-C, and PDGF-D [1]. These chains can form homodimers or heterodimers, with PDGF-BB being a homodimer composed of two PDGF-B chains linked by disulfide bonds [2].

PDGF-BB is a protein dimer with a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa. The structure includes a conserved cystine knot motif, which is crucial for its stability and function [1,2,3]. The dimerization of PDGF-BB is mediated by

specific disulfide bonds between cysteine residues. This dimeric structure is essential for its biological activity, enabling the molecule to effectively bind to its receptors [3].

PDGF-BB primarily functions by binding to PDGF receptors (PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β), which are tyrosine kinase receptors located on the cell surface. Upon binding, PDGF-BB induces receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation, initiating a cascade of downstream signaling pathways. These pathways include the PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and PLCγ pathways, which regulate various cellular responses such as proliferation, migration, survival, and differentiation [4].

PDGF-BB stimulates the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, promoting the formation of granulation tissue and the remodeling of extracellular matrix components [5]. PDGF-BB enhances angiogenesis by recruiting pericytes and smooth muscle cells to stabilize newly formed blood vessels [4.5].

In cultivated meat manufacturing, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is essential for enhancing cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue formation. During initial cell culture and expansion in bioreactors, PDGF-BB promotes rapid cell division, ensuring a sufficient cell mass. It aids in the differentiation of myoblasts into mature muscle cells and improves cell migration and integration within tissue scaffolds, resulting in more structured and functional meat tissue. PDGF-BB also stimulates extracellular matrix production, enhancing the structural and mechanical properties of the cultivated meat. By providing specific growth signals, PDGF-BB can reduce the reliance on fetal bovine serum (FBS), making the process more cost-effective and ethically acceptable. The role of PDGF-BB in cell growth and tissue engineering leads to more efficient production and higher-quality cultivated meat that closely resembles conventional meat in texture and nutritional content [6,7].